Papua New Guinea is home to a rich diversity in indigenous groups and languages. While we know the material record stretches back 50,000 years there is little data that can help us understand a full chronology. The team launched this endeavor with the large amount of background research done by project partner and co-lead Dr. Nancy Sullivan. For 18 years Dr. Sullivan established a foundation of ethnographic fieldwork as well as a survey of over 150 cave sites in the region. Tragically Dr. Sullivan died in a car crash in 2015, but we continue our work and mission in her memory. This expedition was supported by Antonio Cruz Mayor, the International President of the Museo del Prado in Madrid, The John Simon Guggenheim Fellowship and National Geographic.